In 45 million years, Earth will be a transformed planet with vastly different geography, as continental drift will likely unite Africa with Europe and form new mountain ranges. Surface climates will shift, possibly creating intense storms, while ecosystems evolve into creatures unrecognizable today. The Sun will be slightly brighter, and the Moon will be further away.
Key changes expected:
- Plate Tectonics: Italy, Greece, and southern France may buckle up, with the Mediterranean disappearing and the Alps rising higher, potentially forming a new supercontinent with Africa and Europe.
- Climate: Shifts in tectonic plates will likely cause dramatic changes in ocean currents, resulting in new patterns of hot deserts and dense, rainy ecosystems.
- Lifeforms: Evolution will continue to produce unique species adapted to new environmental conditions, likely continuing the trend of greater diversity or resulting in specialized, new forms of life.
- Atmospheric changes: The Earth’s geological processes will continue to slowly change the planet, but it will remain a habitable home for life.